Does The Fifth Fundamental Force Really Exist? ( X17 Particle)
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Whether you realize it or not, there are many fundamental forces that govern your life and the life of the entire universe! And now, scientists think that they may have discovered a fifth. Join us as we explore this fifth (potential) fundamental force.
9. Wait, Are The First Four Fundamental Forces Again?
What's that? You don't know about the four fundamental forces of nature and the universe? It's ok, they're a bit more basic than you might realize. They are: Gravity, Electromagnetism, The Weak Force, and the Strong Force.
If you're looking for a bit more detail on that, here's the breakdown of each one:
Gravity:
" Gravity is the attraction between two objects that have mass or energy, whether this is seen in dropping a rock from a bridge, a planet orbiting a star or the moon causing ocean tides. Gravity is probably the most intuitive and familiar of the fundamental forces, but it's also been one of the most challenging to explain."
Electromagnetism (also known as the Electromagnetic Force):
The electromagnetic force, also called the Lorentz force, acts between charged particles, like negatively charged electrons and positively charged protons. Opposite charges attract one another, while like charges repel. The greater the charge, the greater the force. And much like gravity, this force can be felt from an infinite distance (albeit the force would be very, very small at that distance).
The Weak Force:
"The weak force, also called the weak nuclear interaction, is responsible for particle decay. This is the literal change of one type of subatomic particle into another. So, for example, a neutrino that strays close to a neutron can turn the neutron into a proton while the neutrino becomes an electron."
The Strong Force:
"The strong nuclear force, also called the strong nuclear interaction, is the strongest of the four fundamental forces of nature. It's 6 thousand trillion trillion trillion (that’s 39 zeroes total) times stronger than the force of gravity, according to the HyperPhysics website. And that's because it binds the fundamental particles of matter together to form larger particles. It holds together the quarks that make up protons and neutrons, and part of the strong force also keeps the protons and neutrons of an atom's nucleus together."
I know we just threw a lot of big fancy words at you, but I hope these brief description of these complex forces helped you understand about what we're talking about in regards to these fundamental forces. These are the literal bread and butter of the universe, and they're something that never truly stops going or working. Because if they did, it would likely mean the END of our universe. And we wouldn't want that, now would we?
8. The Theory Behind A Fifth Force
So as we've just outlined, these first four fundamental forces are a key part in the understanding of our universe, mainly in that they are key to the universe functioning. They're a part of a "model" of sorts that is used to explain everything in the universe at large. However, as is almost always the case when it comes to the grander and more broad forms of science, some errors started to be found. Not that the four fundamental forces were wrong, but rather, that there was something missing from the "model" that was being used.
For example, by the admission of those who made the "model", Gravity isn't a part of it, which you would think would make it wrong given the fact that it's a fundamental force. And then, there's the concept of fusion with these fundamental forces. Some of it works, like mixing the weak force or the strong force with the electromagnetic force. Yet, none of them combine with gravity, nor do the fusions work in combination with one another like many had previously speculated.
So with all of these inconsistencies and such, people started to wonder, "Are we missing something?" And the search for a fifth force began. And no, before you ask, the fifth fundamental force is not called "The Force", though I appreciate you trying. There have been many theories as to what the fifth force is, and what it could be doing to the universe, and yet, just about all of it has been disproven, or has been shown to not be "grand enough" in order to fix the problems with the various models of the universe.