The History of Video Games: 1965 - 1971
219By the mid 1960’s video games were starting to become more and more popular across the country. Soon, the Magnavox Odyssey will be released and the world will welcome the start of a new type of game system, the home video game console. This video looks at the history of video games from 1965 through 1971, covering a few of the most important games and people from those years. This is… The History of Video Games: 1965 - 1971.
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The History of Video Games: 1965 - 1971 (in text form)
Welcome to 1965. 1965 was a slow year for video game history. Basic games continued to be developed and played, but they still weren’t as widespread as they’d soon become. While games on huge computers were still being made, other advancements in a different field of games were also being made. Now games were really becoming interactive, thanks to games like Sega’s Periscope, released in 1967. Periscope was developed by then CEO of Sega, David Rosen. The game is similar in it’s physical design to many arcade games of the era. The game’s backdrop was an ocean, fitting for a game called Periscope.
A man named Nolan Bushnell, a recent graduate from the University of Utah. first saw Spacewar in late 1969, and, thanks to his experience with coin operated equipment, he set his sites on a commercial version of Spacewar. He succeeded in building the game, with help from engineer Ted Dabney, and released it in late 1971 through arcade game manufacturer Nutting Associates. Nutting Associates had created 1500 copies of Bushnell’s game Computer Space, but it was ultimately not very successful, selling less than 1,000 units. Bushel would eventually go on to form Atari after Nutting Associates declined his offer to make a sequel.
Back in the world of computer games, Ralph Baer had starting working on a system for playing video game that could be plugged in directly to a television. He started working on his then revolutionary idea in 1966. His system utilized the diode-transistor logic circuits to send a signal to a television that would then generate certain spots on screen. The system could only generate two spots. But in 1967 an engineer gave Baer the idea to add a third spot to create a table tennis game in which a player controlled a paddle, with the third spot acting as the ball. At the time, Baer was working with Sanders Associates, which would eventually become part BAE Systems Inc, a subsidiary of the British defense and aerospace company similarly named BAE Systems plc. In 1972, Sanders Associates came to an agreement with television company Magnavox to release the system. As you’ve probably guessed by now, that system would be named the Magnavox Odyssey, released in September 1972, and was the first home video game system.
The Magnavox Odyssey included 12 games in-box. a few more were sold separately and utilized a light-gun, and a few others were sold separately that didn’t use the light gun.
Light guns actually made their first appearance prior to the Cathode tube-ray amusement device, being used as early as the 1930’s following the creation of light-sensing vacuum tubes. The first game to use a light gun was Seeburg’s Ray-O-Lite. Seeburg was a company that designed and manufactured automated musical equipment, like jukeboxes. The company eventually went under in the mid-80’s. Ray-O-Lite was a simple game. You would shoot at a flying duck. When you hit it, it would drop. Almost 30 years later, light-gun technology would evolve and be used in Sega’s Periscope game.
At launch, the Odyssey would run you $99, which is roughly $565 today. It could only display a few square dots on-screen and had no sound whatsoever. Players would place sheets of plastic over the screen to create some visuals used to play games, similar to the Vectrex. Despite the importance of the Magnavox Odyssey, it only sold 350,000 units by the time it was discontinued in 1975. Luckily for the Odyssey, like Tennis for Two, history would be kind to the Odyssey, thanks to it being the first home console and kickstarting the commercial video game industry.
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