CRAWFISH Pinched My Finger Who We Caught in a Freshwater Creek #crayfish #crawdads #mudbug #crawfish
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Crawfish have five pairs of legs, or 10 legs total—hence the Latin name for the crayfish order, known as Decapoda (“10-footed”). The front two legs are modified into large claws, called chelae, used for defending themselves and snagging food.
Crayfish aka Crawfish are freshwater crustaceans that look like mini lobsters. They breathe through feather-like gills. Some species are found in brooks and streams, where fresh water is running, while others thrive in swamps, ditches, and paddy fields. Most crayfish can't tolerate polluted water, although some species, are hardier. Crayfish feed on animals and plants, either living or decomposing, and detritus (waste or debris of any kind).
The term "crayfish" are saltwater species in some countries.
The name "crayfish" comes from the Old French word escrevisse (Modern French Ă©crevisse). The word has been modified to "crayfish" by association with "fish". The largely American variant "crawfish" is similarly derived.
Some kinds of crayfish are known locally as lobsters, crawdads, mudbugs, and yabbies. In the Eastern United States, "crayfish" is more common in the north, while "crawdad" is heard more in central and southwestern regions, and "crawfish" farther south, although overlaps exist.
The body of a crab, lobster, or prawn (shrimp), is made up of 20 body segments grouped into two main body parts, the cephalothorax and the abdomen. Each segment may have one pair of appendages, although in various groups, these may be reduced or missing. On average, crayfish grow to 6.9" (17.5 cm) long. Their walking legs have a small claw at the end.
Crayfish are omnivorous scavengers, with the ability to filter and process mud.
They have the potential to eat most foods, even nutrient poor things like grass, leaves, and paper, but can be highly selective and need variety to balance their diet.
Crayfish can be seen throughout the world at the sediment/water interface in ponds, lakes, swamps, or burrows. When the gut contents are analyzed, most of the contents is mud: fine particulate organic matter and mixed particles of roots, leaves, bark, and wood. Some animal material can also be identified, but this only contributes a small portion of the diet by volume.
They feed on submerged vegetable material at times, but their ability to catch large living animal material is restricted. They can feed on interstitial organisms if they can be grasped in the small feeding claws. They can be lured into traps with an array of baits from dog biscuits, fish heads, meat, etc., all of which reinforces the fact that they are generalist feeders.
On a day-to-day basis, they consume what they can acquire in their immediate environment in limited space and time available - detritus.
Crayfish also eat their own feces, and each other. They have even been observed leaving the water to graze.
Detritus or mud is a mixture of dead plankton (plant and animal), organic wastes from the water column, and debris derived from the aquatic and terrestrial environments. Mostly detritus is in the end phase of decomposition - black organic mud. The crayfish usually ingest the material in only a few minutes, as distinct from grazing for many hours. The material is mixed with digestive fluids and sorted by size. The finer particles follow a slower and more exacting route through to the hindgut, compared to the coarser material. The coarser material is eliminated first and often reappears in approximately 10 to 12 hours, whereas the finer material is usually eliminated from 16 to 26 hours after ingestion.
All waste products coming out through the hindgut are wrapped in a peritrophic membrane, so they look like a tube. Such feeding behavior based on selection, ingestion, and extreme processing ensures periodic feeding, as distinct from continuous grazing. They tend to eat to satiation and then take many hours to process the material, leaving minimal chance of having more room to ingest other items. Crayfish usually have limited home range and so they rest, digest, and eliminate their waste, most commonly in the same location each day.
Feeding exposes the crayfish to risk of predation, and so feeding behavior is often rapid and synchronized with feeding processes that reduce such risks — eat, hide, process & eliminate.
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