CS420 7 - Virtual Memory & Multilevel Pointers Tutorial
0This CS420 tutorial will teach you about virtual memory and multilevel pointers, it also touches on other topics such as memory leaks. At the end of this Multilevel Pointers Tutorial you will see this process in action using Cheat Engine to find multilevel pointers to the player's world coordinates. Multilevel pointers are pointers that point to other pointers, that means that the address that a pointer points is actually the address of a pointer which will point to something else. Most of the time you will also have nonzero offsets so the next pointer would be calculated by dereferencing the previous pointer and adding the result with the respective offset, and process would repeat for every level until the final dynamic address is found. It is important to understand how things are laid out in virtual memory, in short the main executable in usually allocated in addresses near zero and dlls are laid out more at the bottom together with allocated objects.
In order to find multilevel pointers we perform a process called pointer scan. Basically it consists of finding a pointer path from a static or global address from a module that might be either an exe or dll to a dynamic address that might change when the game is restarted. Tools such as Cheat Engine and Squally automatically find these pointer paths by brute forcing every one of them. You should not trust 100% the results from these tools because paths may be inconsistent, so restart the game a few times to make sure a pointer path is good.
On our guidedhacking forum you can also find theoretical topics like this one which do not specifically involve games, as well as guides on how to use the tools talked about in this multilevel pointer tutorial for memory editing and reverse engineering.
Timestamp:
0:00 Introduction
0:16 Pointers
1:33 Memory leaks
2:32 Multilevel pointers
7:17 Pointer scanning
11:28 Example
CS420 is a Game Hacking Course, a series of lectures brought to you by Zac from the Squally team. We have been working with Zac to help promote Squally for the past year, we think it's an awesome tool that has a lot of potential. Our support has come full circle and now Zac is putting a game hacking course together with GH.
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