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Digital Combat Simulator World (2008)

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Tutorial

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DCS: MiG 21BIS - How to make the most out of the ASP Optical Sight and Sapphire Radar in Air-to-Air combat

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MIG 21: pilots flight operating instruction, (excerpts) p.158-159
By Museu Pedagogico Luso Brasileiro

http://books.google.com/books?id=SPbjAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA158&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false

MANEUVERING AIR COMBAT

225. The MiG-21BIS aircraft can be used for performing a maneuvering air-to-air combat (dogfight) at all service altitudes and airspeeds.

226. Prior to an air combat with a real enemy, the pilot must:

(a) check whether the positions of the circuit breakers, armament and sight selector switches correspond to the desired variant of firing and the weapon to be employed; if necessary, reload the gun;

227. In attacking the target with gun firing in a maneuvering air combat, it is recommended to take aim with the optical sight in the GYRO mode, the 300-m fixed (constant) range being introduced into the sight.

When using the sight in this mode, set the AUTO - MAN, switch to MAN. and rotate the throttle lever handgrip all the way backward (the BREAKOFF light should come on in this case).

On detecting the target and recognizing its type, set the appropriate span on the sight outer scale; at a range of 400 to 500 m superimpose the central dot of the sight reticle on the target; the moment the target is framed by the range-finding ring, start firing, keeping the central pip on the target during the burst (the positions of the target on the sight reticle at the beginning and end of firing are showin in Fig. 25).

In that mode, aiming at a target maneuvering at a g-load of up to 3 g presents no particular difficulties (aiming is possible also under g-loads of up to 5 - 6 g, the reticle still remains in the field of view); the best precision is achieved within the range of 250 to 350 m.

On reaching a range of the order of 400 m, estimate the target airspeed and aspect, and select the firing zone accordingly (i.e. determine the (ΨΣ, max) and (ΨΣ, min).)

Having adjusted the laying, decrease the rate of turn of the own aircraft, and at the moment when the target enters the firing zone (arrives at the point corresponding to the (ΨΣ, max),) open fire; cease fire at the moment when the target leaves the firing zone (when it passes the point on the sight reticle corresponding to the (ΨΣ, min).)

If the target is not shot down, finalize the attack conditions (the aspect and air-speed of the target) and, if the possibility exists, open fire at point (ΨΣ, min) to be ceased at point (ΨΣ, max), having repeated the aiming procedure by increasing the angular rate of the aircraft.

228. The rules for determining the (ΨΣ, max) and (ΨΣ, min) are set forth in subsection "Handling Optical Sight", while the values of (ΨΣ, max) and (ΨΣ, min) for three ranges of target airspeeds and aspects are given in Table 9. The firing zones for various target airspeeds and aspects are shown in Fig. 27. Deliver fire in short bursts. Mind that all the Gsh-23 gun ammunition can be spent in a 4-s burst of fire.

229. During an air combat the pilot must make the best use of the aircraft high performance and actively strive to gain tactical superiority over the enemy at all stages of the combat.

During an air combat the pilot must watch the enemy actions and check the airspeed, altitude, angles of attack, Mach number and g-load. Periodically he must check the fuel remainder, minding that an air combat at reheat settings near the ground considerably reduces the flight endurance.

The air brakes may be used in an air combat; during subsequent aircraft acceleration, check to see that they are retracted.
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