সমুদ্রের বিভিন্ন স্তর ও এদের মধ্যে পার্থক্য | Different Layers of the Ocean Epipelagic Zone | Part 1
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সমুদ্রের বিভিন্ন স্তর ও এদের মধ্যে পার্থক্য | Different Layers of the Ocean Epipelagic Zone | Part 1
explain about sunlight zone
Epipelagic Zone (Sunlight Zone)
Depth: Surface to 200 meters (660 feet)
It is the ocean’s surface layer, covering roughly 5 percent of the ocean’s average depth. It is named so because most visible light can penetrate this layer, making it the warmest of all layers. Its temperature is widely variable, ranging from 97°F (36°C) in the Persian Gulf to 28°F (-2°C) close to the North Pole, which is due to the invariable penetration of sunlight heating the water body. Interaction with the wind keeps the temperature under control by allowing the sun’s heat to be distributed vertically.
Due to the light and warmth, this layer is full of life. Seaweeds, coral reefs, and marine animals such as dolphins, blue whales, sea turtles, and jellyfish are all found in the epipelagic zone. The sunlight allows seaweeds such as algae to perform photosynthesis, creating roughly 50 percent of the atmospheric oxygen.
At the bottom of the epipelagic zone starts the thermocline. In this transitional region, the water temperature decreases rapidly with increasing depth. The depth and temperature of the thermocline vary between seasons and years.