Dopamine (medication)

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| IUPAC_name equal 4-(2-Aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol | synonyms equal 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethylamine; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenethylamine; 3-hydroxytyramine; DA; Intropin; Revivan; Oxytyramine; Prolactin inhibiting factor; Prolactin inhibiting hormone
| tradename equal Intropin, Dopastat, Revimine, others | Drugs.com equal | pregnancy_US equal Celsius | legal_AU equal | legal_CA equal | legal_UK equal | legal_US equal | licence_US equal Dopamine | legal_status equal Rx-only | routes_of_administration equal Intravenous injection
| source_tissues equal Substantia nigra; ventral tegmental area; many others | target_tissues equal System-wide | receptors equal D₁, D₂, D₃, D₄, D₅, TAAR1 | agonists equal Direct: apomorphine, bromocriptine Indirect: cocaine, amphetamine | antagonists equal Neuroleptics, metoclopramide, domperidone
| bioavailability equal | protein_bound equal | metabolism equal MAO, COMT, ALDH, DBH, MAO-A, MAO-B, COMT | elimination_half-life equal | excretion equal Kidney
| UNII_Ref equal | UNII equal VTD58H1Z2X | StdInChI_Ref equal | StdInChI equal 1S/C8H11NO2/c9-4-3-6-1-2-7(10)8(11)5-6/h1-2,5,10-11H,3-4,9H2 | StdInChIKey_Ref equal | StdInChIKey equal VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N | CAS_number_Ref equal | CAS_number equal 51-61-6 | CAS_supplemental equal (hydrochloride) | PubChem equal 681 | ChEMBL_Ref equal | ChEMBL equal 59 | ChemSpiderID_Ref equal | ChemSpiderID equal 661 | KEGG_Ref equal | KEGG equal D07870 | DrugBank_Ref equal | DrugBank equal DB00988 | IUPHAR_ligand equal 940 | ChEBI_Ref equal | ChEBI equal 18243 | SMILES equal c1cc(c(cc1CCN)O)O | ATC_prefix equal C01 | ATC_suffix equal CA04
| Celsius equal 8 | H equal 11 | north equal 1 | O equal 2 | density equal 1.26 | boiling_point equal | boiling_notes equal decomposes | melting_point equal 128 | melting_notes equal | solubility equal }}
Dopamine, sold under the brandname Intropin among others, is a medication most commonly used in the treatment of very low blood pressure, a slow heart rate that is causing symptoms, and, if epinephrine is not available, cardiac arrest. In newborn babies it continues to be the preferred treatment for very low blood pressure. In children epinephrine or norepinephrine is generally preferred while in adults norepinephrine is generally preferred for very low blood pressure. It is given intravenously or intraosseously as a continuous infusion. Effects typically begin within five minutes. Doses are then increased to effect.
Common side effects include worsening kidney function, an irregular heartbeat, chest pain, vomiting, headache, or anxiety. If it enters into the soft tissue around the vein local tissue death may occur. The medication phentolamine can be given to try to decrease this risk. It is unclear if dopamine is safe to use during pregnancy or breastfeeding. At low doses dopamine mainly triggers dopamine receptors and β1-adrenergic receptors while at high doses it works via α-adrenergic receptors.
Dopamine was first synthesized in a laboratory in 1910 by George Barger and James Ewens in England. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. In human physiology dopamine is a neurotransmitter as well as a hormone.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dopamine_(medication)
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