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One of the most interesting and useful aspects of stereochemistry is the study of what happens to optically acitive molecules when they react. The product isolated from the reaction of the chiral material can tell us a great deal about the reaction mechanism. We observe
\( \mathrm{P} \)
\( \mathrm{S}_{\mathrm{N}} 2 \longrightarrow \) Inversion of configuration
\( \mathrm{S}_{\mathrm{N}} 1 \longrightarrow \) Racemisation
W
\( \mathrm{S}_{\mathrm{Ni}} \longrightarrow \) Retention of configuration
In the given reactions, the reaction mechanism respectively is :
(I)
(II)
(III)
(IV)
(A) \( \mathrm{S}_{\mathrm{N}} 2, \mathrm{~S}_{\mathrm{N}} 1, \mathrm{~S}_{\mathrm{N}} 2, \mathrm{~S}_{\mathrm{N}} \)
(B) \( \mathrm{S}_{\mathrm{N}} 2, \mathrm{~S}_{\mathrm{N}} 1, \mathrm{~S}_{\mathrm{N}}, \mathrm{S}_{\mathrm{N}} 2 \)
(C) \( S_{N} 1, S_{N} 2, S_{N}, S_{N} 1 \)
(D) \( S_{N} 2, S_{N}, S_{N} 1, S_{N} 2 \)
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