A MISSION TO PLUTO: NEW HORIZONS - Space Science
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Sources: http://www.nytimes.com "New Horizons' Pluto Flyby"
As well as the fantastic men and women at NASA, JPL
Pluto
In 2006 a relatively light spacecraft was strapped to a relatively gigantic rocket with the mission to fly within 10,000 kilometers (6,200 mi) of Pluto. On its way it picked up speed as well as photos of Jupiter and its volcanic moon Io. A lot can happen in nine years. For starters Pluto was demoted from a planet to a dwarf planet and a few more moons were discovered.
On approach, New Horizons snapped this some pretty amazing photos of the dwarf planet, though the finer details were still to come.
At approximately 3:00 pm eastern time on July 13th, New Horizons took this closer image of the the planet that shows a lot more detail. Sometime later more detailed image of Charon, Pluto’s largest moon emerged.
After nine years, traveling over 13,400 meters per second (30,000 mph), New Horizons made the 4.8 billion kilometers (3 billion miles) trek at 7:38 am July 14th 2015. New Horizons flew past the dwarf planet with all power resources devoted to taking measurements.To minimize damage to the spacecraft, it flew inside the orbit of Charon which acts like a garbage collector for rocks and debri as it orbits.
Eleven minutes later at 7:49 New Horizons made its closest approach within 7,800 miles. Taking highly detailed images of Pluto showing mountains, plains, and ice caps in unprecedented detail. It then traveled through Pluto's shadow at 8:51am to examine pieces of the atmosphere that were being torn away from the sun.
Over the next few months there will be more images, and more discoveries. Only about 1 to 2% of all data collected during the flyby has been received over the 1 kilabit data transfer rate. But New Horizon’s mission is not yet complete. Thankfully due to the plutonium power plant on board this craft will continue to explore.
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