WHAT IS FORCE? - Star Wars Science

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SpacePak

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Published on January 30, 2016 10:00:01 AM ● Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ptlr-cpdZd0

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Star Wars Battlefront (2015)

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The force, it’s an essential plot element of the Star Wars universe, but could it actually be possible?

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Editor & Writer: Mike Ridolfi
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In Star Wars, we’ve seen characters do some pretty extraordinary things with the force. Everything from lifting aircraft to manipulating weak minds, and all the way up to stopping blaster shots in mid air. It seems that over the years the power of the force has grown stronger (especially in Episode VII…), but the basics still remain.

To try and explain “the force” it’s probably a good idea to know what a force is. From what we can tell, there are four fundamental forces and possibly four force-carrying particles.

The first is the strong force. As it’s name suggests, this force is the strongest of the four fundamental forces and is what binds quarks together to form protons and neutrons. Correspondingly the weak force is what changes protons into neutrons and neutrons into protons. Although their strength is many times greater than that of gravity, their influence can only be felt at the atomic and subatomic levels, which goes completely against what is seen in the movies. Not really what we’re looking for if we need to strangle someone through a computer monitor...

The next two, electromagnetic force and gravitational forces are the only two forces that have attributes that are consistent with the movies. The electromagnetic force is what’s responsible for the interactions between positive protons and negative electrons which in turn results in some other pretty interesting things. Electromagnetic force is communicated through photons, meaning that it travels at the speed of light, and has influence over infinite distances. The electromagnetic force is also responsible for magnetism and electricity. Strong enough magnets have been shown to allow objects to levitate, even ones that aren’t traditionally considered magnetic, such as a grasshopper or some flowers.

Now, the previous three forces all have force-carrying particles so it’s believed gravity should too… right? The only problem, the graviton is merely a theoretical particle that we not only haven’t been able to observe but also don’t even know if it even exists. In fact, it isn’t even incorporated into the Standard Model.

Gravity waves are another theoretical aspect of Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity and is the last aspect that has yet to be observed. With a waveform, you have a lot more control over when this force is applied and at what strength. Imagine producing a gravity wave that contracts space between you and an object. It may appear to be pulled towards you. The problem is, symmetrical objects do not produce gravity waves and even unbalanced orbiting black holes and neutron stars produces such small gravitational waves that if we observed them from earth they would only contract space about one millionth the width of a proton.

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