Accelerated Graphics Port

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Published on December 4, 2021 6:57:18 AM ● Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u8nb9wdNKyk

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Accelerated Graphics Port, by Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2380 / CC BY SA 3.0

#Macintosh_internals
#IBM_PC_compatibles
#Intel_graphics
#Motherboard_expansion_slot
#Peripheral_Component_Interconnect
Accelerated Graphics Port （AGP） is a parallel expansion card standard, designed for attaching a video card to a computer system to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics.
It was originally designed as a successor to PCI-type connections for video cards.
Since 2004, AGP has been progressively phased out in favor of PCI Express （PCIe）, which is serial, as opposed to parallel; by mid-2008, PCI Express cards dominated the market and only a few AGP models were available,
with GPU manufacturers and add-in board partners eventually dropping support for the interface in favor of PCI Express.
As computers increasingly became graphically oriented, successive generations of graphics adapters began to push the limits of PCI, a bus with shared bandwidth.
This led to the development of AGP, a "bus" dedicated to graphics adapters.
AGP is heavily based on PCI, and in fact the AGP bus is a superset of the conventional PCI bus, and AGP cards must act as PCI cards.
The primary advantage of AGP over PCI is that it provides a dedicated pathway between the slot（s） and the processor rather than sharing the PCI bus.
In addition to a lack of contention for the bus, the direct connection allows for higher clock speeds.
The second major change is that AGP uses split transactions, where the address and data phases of a PCI transaction are separated.
The card may send many address phases, and the host processes them in order.
This avoids long delays, with the bus idle, during read operations.
Third, PCI bus handshaking is simplified.
Unlike PCI bus transactions whose length is negotiated on a cycle-by-cycle basis using the FRAME# and STOP# signals, AGP transfers are always a multiple of 8 bytes long, and the total length is included in the request.
Further, rather than ...