For a polybasic acid, the dissociation constants have a different values for each step, e.g.,
\[...
For a polybasic acid, the dissociation constants have a different values for each step, e.g.,
\[
\begin{array}{l}
\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{~A} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}^{+}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{~A}^{-} ; \mathrm{K}=\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}_{1}} \\
\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{~A}^{-} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}^{+}+\mathrm{HA}^{2-} ; \mathrm{K}=\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}_{2}} \\
\mathrm{HA}^{2-} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}^{+}+\mathrm{A}^{3-} ; \mathrm{K}=\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}_{3}}
\end{array}
\]
What is the observed trend of dissociation constants in successive stages ?
(a) \( \mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}_{1}}\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}_{2}}\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}_{3}} \)
(b) \( \mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}_{1}}=\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}_{2}}=\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}_{3}} \)
(c) \( \mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}_{1}}\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}_{2}}\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}_{3}} \)
(d) \( \mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}_{1}}=\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}_{2}}+\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}_{3}} \)
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