One of the most famous comets visible from Earth. Halley's comet. More about Halley's comet. GK

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Halley's Comet (1986)

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One of the most famous comets, visible from Earth every 75-76 years. Halley's comet. More about Halley's comet

Halley's Comet is one of the most famous comets, visible from Earth every 75-76 years. It is named after English astronomer Edmond Halley, who, in 1705, used Newton's laws of motion to predict that it would return in 1758. This comet is unique because it is one of the few that can be seen twice in a human lifetime.

Halley's Comet last appeared in 1986 and will return in 2061. It has an elliptical orbit that takes it from beyond Neptune's orbit to within the orbit of Venus. When the comet is close to the Sun, it develops a bright coma and a long tail, which are visible from Earth.


Here are additional details about Halley's Comet:

Historical Significance:

Ancient Records: Halley's Comet has been recorded by many ancient civilizations, including the Babylonians, Chinese, and Europeans. Its appearances were often seen as omens.

Edmond Halley: In 1705, Edmond Halley published "A Synopsis of the Astronomy of Comets," where he predicted the comet's return, based on historical sightings in 1531, 1607, and 1682. He posthumously gave his name to the comet.

Orbital Characteristics:

Orbit: Halley's Comet has a highly elliptical orbit with a period of approximately 75-76 years. Its orbit is retrograde, meaning it moves in the opposite direction of the planets around the Sun.

Dimensions: The comet's nucleus is roughly 15 kilometers long, 8 kilometers wide, and 8 kilometers thick.

Physical Characteristics:

Nucleus: The nucleus of Halley's Comet is composed of a mixture of volatile ices (water, carbon dioxide, ammonia, and methane) and dust.

Coma and Tail: As it approaches the Sun, the heat causes the ices to sublimate, forming a bright coma around the nucleus and often a long, luminous tail. The tail can extend millions of kilometers into space and always points away from the Sun due to the solar wind.

Exploration:

Space Missions: During its 1986 appearance, Halley's Comet was visited by several spacecraft, including the European Space Agency's Giotto, Japan's Suisei and Sakigake, and the Soviet Union's Vega 1 and Vega 2. These missions provided valuable data on the comet's composition and behavior.

Future:

Next Appearance: Halley's Comet is expected to return in 2061. It will be visible from Earth, providing another opportunity for observation and study.

Cultural Impact:

Art and Literature: Halley's Comet has inspired numerous works of art, literature, and popular culture, often symbolizing change, transformation, or foreboding.

Historical Events: The comet's appearances have coincided with significant historical events, such as the Battle of Hastings in 1066, where it was seen as a portent of change.

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