"The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui" is a play by German playwright Bertolt Brecht, written in 1941 while he was in exile from Nazi Germany. The play is a satirical allegory of the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party in Germany during the 1930s, but set in the Chicago gangster underworld of the 1930s. The play follows the ruthless and ambitious Arturo Ui as he uses violence and intimidation to rise to power in the vegetable trade, mirroring Hitler's rise to power in Germany. Brecht uses the play to criticize the lack of resistance to Hitler's rise to power and to warn of the dangers of complacency and inaction in the face of tyranny. The play is widely regarded as one of Brecht's most important works and a masterpiece of 20th-century theatre.