Polymerase chain reaction Animation

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Published on October 29, 2019 9:54:16 AM ● Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ClhUe53W7xw

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Chain Reaction (1987)

Duration: 2:38

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Polymerase chain reaction

A method of DNA amplification used for various diagnostic and research purposes. It requires 4 components: a DNA template containing a target sequence, DNA polymerase to synthesize the new DNA, primers that are complementary to the target sequence, and nucleotides as DNA building blocks. It takes place in 3 phases: denaturation of the double helix, primer hybridization, and elongation and amplification of the target region.

Uses

Detection of HIV (particularly when ELISA and Western blot are inconclusive)
Neonatal exposure to HIV (antibody detection is not useful, as the test will be positive from maternal antibodies crossing the placenta)
PCR is positive early after infection.
Not affected by the immune status of the patient (e.g., immunocompromised patients may not produce an antibody response)
Forensic cases (comparison of DNA samples from suspects)
Paternity testing
Diagnosis of bacterial and viral infections
Lyme disease
HSV encephalitis
Diagnosis of immunodeficiencies
Severe combined immunodeficiency
Sequencing of mutations

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