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Samuel Johnson's "Preface to Shakespeare" is a seminal work of literary criticism that delves into the complexities and merits of William Shakespeare's plays. Johnson's approach to Shakespeare's work is comprehensive, insightful, and offers a blend of admiration and critique.One of Johnson's primary assertions is that Shakespeare's excellence lies in his profound understanding of human nature. He emphasizes that Shakespeare's characters are not mere abstract representations but rather embodiments of real human emotions and behaviors. Johnson praises the Bard's ability to capture the intricacies of the human psyche, providing a mirror to the audience's own experiences and sentiments.Moreover, Johnson lauds Shakespeare's skill in creating characters that possess a universality that transcends time and place. He argues that while the settings and circumstances may differ, the fundamental emotions and motivations of Shakespeare's characters remain relatable to audiences across centuries. This universality, according to Johnson, is a testament to the enduring relevance of Shakespeare's works.However, Johnson is not blind to Shakespeare's imperfections. He acknowledges that Shakespeare sometimes lacks adherence to the unities of time and place, a principle prevalent in classical drama. Johnson criticizes certain plays for their lack of consistency in these aspects, attributing it to Shakespeare's adherence to the natural flow of events rather than strict adherence to dramatic conventions.Additionally, Johnson addresses the use of Shakespeare's language. He acknowledges the Bard's propensity for linguistic experimentation and innovation. Shakespeare's lexicon, filled with newly coined words and phrases, enriches the English language. Johnson celebrates Shakespeare's contribution to the expansion and flexibility of English vocabulary, an aspect he views as a remarkable feat.In discussing Shakespeare's plays individually, Johnson offers critical evaluations that reflect both admiration and discernment. He praises "Hamlet" for its depth of characterization and psychological complexity, considering it a pinnacle of Shakespeare's achievements. However, he does not hesitate to critique other plays like "The Winter's Tale" for their perceived inconsistencies and improbable plot resolutions.Throughout the preface, Johnson establishes himself as a discerning critic who admires Shakespeare's genius while acknowledging his occasional flaws. His analysis transcends mere praise, delving into the nuances of Shakespeare's works, dissecting their strengths and weaknesses.Johnson's work has a lasting impact due to its insightful commentary on Shakespeare's enduring relevance. His recognition of the Bard's universal themes and profound insights into human nature solidifies Shakespeare's position as a literary colossus. Johnson's critical assessment, while not devoid of criticism, contributes significantly to the appreciation and understanding of Shakespearean drama.In conclusion, Samuel Johnson's "Preface to Shakespeare" stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of William Shakespeare's works. Johnson's comprehensive analysis celebrates Shakespeare's unparalleled understanding of humanity while offering critical observations that enrich the understanding of his plays. It remains a seminal piece in the realm of literary criticism, elevating Shakespeare's status as a playwright of unmatched brilliance and complexity.