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Read the extract and answer the following questions
On 13th April the infamous Jallianwala Bagh incident took place. On that day a large crowd gathered in the enclosed ground of Jallianwala Bagh. Some rame to protest aqainst the government's new repressive measures. Others had come to attend the annual Baisakhi fair. Being from outside the city, many villagers were unaware of the martial law that had been imposed. Dyer entered the area, blocked the exit points and opened fire on the crowd, killing hundreds. His objects as he declared later, was to 'produce a moral effect', to create in the minds of Satyagrahis a feeling of terror and awe.
As the news of Jallianwala Bagh spread, crowds took to the streets in many North Indian towns. There were strikes, clashes with the police and attacks on government buildings. The government responded with brutal repression, seeking to humiliate and terrorise people: Satyagrahis were forced to rub their noses on the ground, crawl on the streets, and do salaam (salute) to all sahibs; people were flogged and villages (around Gujranwala in Punjab, now in Pakistan) were bombed. Seeing violence spread, Mahatma Gandhi called off the movement.
(i) Why did General Dyer open fired on the peaceful gathering at Jallianwala Bagh on 13th April, 1919?
(ii) Why Martial law was imposed in Amritsar?
(iii) What were the effect of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre?

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