Setup Pi-Hole as a Recursive DNS Server with Unbound
0#PiHole #AdBlocking #Unbound
Full steps can be found at https://i12bretro.github.io/tutorials/0388.html
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Installing and Configuring Unbound
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01. Run the following commands in a terminal window:
# install unbound
sudo apt install unbound
# update root hints file
wget https://www.internic.net/domain/named.root -qO- | sudo tee /var/lib/unbound/root.hints
# edit unbound configuration
sudo nano /etc/unbound/unbound.conf.d/pi-hole.conf
02. Paste the following configuration into pi-hole.conf
server:
# If no logfile is specified, syslog is used
# logfile: "/var/log/unbound/unbound.log"
verbosity: 0
interface: 127.0.0.1
port: 5335
do-ip4: yes
do-udp: yes
do-tcp: yes
# May be set to yes if you have IPv6 connectivity
do-ip6: no
# You want to leave this to no unless you have *native* IPv6. With 6to4 and
# Terredo tunnels your web browser should favor IPv4 for the same reasons
prefer-ip6: no
# Use this only when you downloaded the list of primary root servers!
# If you use the default dns-root-data package, unbound will find it automatically
#root-hints: "/var/lib/unbound/root.hints"
# Trust glue only if it is within the server's authority
harden-glue: yes
# Require DNSSEC data for trust-anchored zones, if such data is absent, the zone becomes BOGUS
harden-dnssec-stripped: yes
# Don't use Capitalization randomization as it known to cause DNSSEC issues sometimes
# see https://discourse.pi-hole.net/t/unbound-stubby-or-dnscrypt-proxy/9378 for further details
use-caps-for-id: no
# Reduce EDNS reassembly buffer size.
# Suggested by the unbound man page to reduce fragmentation reassembly problems
edns-buffer-size: 1472
# Perform prefetching of close to expired message cache entries
# This only applies to domains that have been frequently queried
prefetch: yes
# One thread should be sufficient, can be increased on beefy machines. In reality for most users running on small networks or on a single machine, it should be unnecessary to seek performance enhancement by increasing num-threads above 1.
num-threads: 1
# Ensure kernel buffer is large enough to not lose messages in traffic spikes
so-rcvbuf: 1m
# Ensure privacy of local IP ranges
private-address: 192.168.0.0/16
private-address: 169.254.0.0/16
private-address: 172.16.0.0/12
private-address: 10.0.0.0/8
private-address: fd00::/8
private-address: fe80::/10
03. Press CTRL+O, Enter, CTRL+X to write the changes to pi-hole.conf
04. Continue with the following commands in terminal
# restart the unbound service
sudo service unbound restart
# test a DNS lookup via unbound
dig github.io @127.0.0.1 -p 5335
05. Back in the web browser, navigate back to the Pi-Hole web interface
06. Log in if you are not already
07. Select Settings ≫ DNS
08. Uncheck any of the previously selected upstream DNS servers
09. Check the box next to Custom 1 (IPv4)
10. Enter 127.0.0.1#5335 as the address
11. Scroll down and click the Save button
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Testing the Changes
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01. Open a new tab in the web browser and navigate to https://yahoo.com
02. Go back into Pi-Hole and select Query Log from the left navigation
03. Filter the results on www.yahoo.com
04. You should see entries showing the DNS requests forwarding to localhost#5335
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