Sulfolobaceae

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Published on January 11, 2022 6:20:50 AM ● Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LymbMFhOxuU

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Sulfolobaceae, by Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10055481 / CC BY SA 3.0

#Archaea_taxonomic_families
#Crenarchaeota
Sulfolobaceae are a family of the Sulfolobales belonging to the domain Archaea.
The family consists of several genera adapted to survive environmental niches with extreme temperature and low pH conditions.
Sulfolobaceae species are thermophiles, commonly found in hot springs, hydrothermal vents, mudpots, and volcanically active regions, with Sulfolobus genus found almost anywhere with volcanic activity.
Sulfolobaceae are found in temperatures ranging from 40 to 95 °C. They are found in pH levels between 1 and 6 which makes specific species acidophiles.
Certain species, like Metallosphaera prunae, have been found living on smoldering waste material from mines by utilizing a lithoautotrophic metabolism.
Sulfolobaceae are involved in biofilm formation.
Analysis of biofilms produced by different species has shown very few regulating proteins in common between these species, thus indicating that multiple different regulatory mechanisms for biofilm formation may exist.
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius has been observed forming tower-like biofilm structures and Sulfolobus solfataricus has been observed forming carpet-like biofilms.
Sulfolobaceae species exhibit a diverse range of metabolisms including aerobic, facultative anaerobic, or obligate anaerobic with chemoheterotrophic, lithoautotrophic, or mixotrophic lifestyles.
Some species exhibit metabolic flexibility, being able to use several different metabolic pathways depending on the available energy sources, while others have a narrow range of metabolic options.
Chemoheterotrophic Sulfolobaceae gain their energy by oxidizing reduced organic carbon compounds, including D-glucose, D-galactose, other common sugars, amino acids, and other complex molecules, using oxidized forms of sulfur.
Lithoautotrophic metabolism, on the other hand, involves gaining energy from the oxidation of reduced compounds s...