Sympathetic Nervous System Receptors - ANS Pharmacology - Dr.Rajesh Gubba

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Function: controls unconscious, involuntary, and visceral body functions, i.e., the cardiovascular, thermoregulatory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and pupillary systems

Types of receptors

Adrenergic receptors
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Alpha-1 receptor: peripheral vasoconstriction, GI and bladder sphincter contraction, mydriasis
Alpha-2 receptor: โ†“ insulin release, โ†“ lipolysis, โ†“ aqueous humor production, โ†‘ platelet aggregation
Beta-1 receptor: cardiac excitation, renin release
Beta-2 receptor: relaxation of smooth muscle in vasculature, bronchi, GI tract, and genitourinary organs
Beta-3 receptor: bladder relaxation, โ†‘ lipolysis, thermogenesis

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
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Ligand-gated Na+/K+ channels
NN subtype: autonomic ganglia and adrenal medulla
NM subtype: neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle (somatic nervous system)

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
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M1โ€“5: brain, heart, smooth muscle, exocrine glands, and sweat glands
M1 (neural muscarinic receptors): CNS excitation, autonomic ganglia, parietal cells (โ†‘ gastric acid release)
M2 (cardiac muscarinic receptors): cardiac inhibition
M3 (glandular/smooth muscle muscarinic receptors): โ†‘ secretion of exocrine glands (e.g., lacrimation, salivation, hidrosis), miosis, bronchoconstriction, bladder contraction, โ†‘ gut peristalsis
M4 and M5 (CNS): memory, arousal, attention, and analgesia
G-protein-coupled; act through second messengers (see signal transduction)

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adrenergic receptors
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