Understanding the Differences: Interceptors vs. Middleware | Explained with Examples Nestjs
0Understanding the Differences: Interceptors vs. Middleware | Explained with Examples
Interceptors and middleware are both powerful tools in NestJS for manipulating the request-response flow in your application, but they have distinct differences:
Middleware:
Purpose: Primarily used for global-level operations like logging, authentication, authorization, cookie handling, or CORS configuration.
Execution: Runs sequentially in the order they are registered. Think of it as checkpoints along the request journey.
Scope: Can be applied globally for the entire application or specifically for specific routes, modules, or controllers.
Access: Has access to the raw request and response objects, allowing for in-depth manipulation.
Limitations: Cannot directly modify or transform controller handler responses.
Interceptors:
Purpose: Primarily used for bi-directional data transformation, manipulating both incoming requests and outgoing responses. Also useful for implementing cross-cutting concerns like logging, caching, and error handling at the controller level.
Execution: Intercept the handler invocation itself, running before and after the handler executes.
Scope: Can be applied at the controller level, method level, or globally.
Access: Has access to the handler execution context, including the request, response, and controller arguments.
Capabilities: Can directly modify or transform data before it reaches the handler and after it's returned by the handler. This allows for powerful manipulation of the data flow.
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