Water On The Moon, In More Places Than Nasa Thought
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Water on the moon, in more places than NASA thought.
-Percy Bysshe Shelley, “To the Moon”
On Monday, Oct. 26 2020 NASA announced an amazing result: it has discovered water molecule on the sunlit surface of Moon, the romantic satellite orbiting around the Earth.
This discovery was made possible by SOFIA telescope, that observes our infrared solar system.
But we already knew that water existed on the Moon, so...which is the amazing result they were talking about?
How will this discovery be useful for NASA's Artemis Program?
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Follow me on this journey to try to answer this question and discuss the importance of this discovery., and to learn more about the Moon that never ceases to amaze us, after all this time.
SOFIA telescope found undoubted proofs of water molecules presence trapped in the regolith structure of the sunlit lunar surface.
This discovery's important for some reasons:
1) SOFIA has detected molecules (H2O) in Clavius Crater, one of the largest craters visible from Earth, located in the Moon's southern hemisphere, on the visible surface. The fact is that this time water was found on the sunlit surface.
We already knew that cold shadowed places near the lunar poles were able to host water, but
“without a thick atmosphere, water on the sunlit lunar surface should just be lost to space,” said Dr. Casey I. Honniball , a PostDoctoral fellow at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.
“Yet somehow we're seeing it. Something is generating the water, and something must be trapping it there”.
2) We are sending humans to the Moon, again.
When we first went to the Moon, it was 1969.
Apollo 11 was the space mission that brought us to the Moon, on July 20, 1969.
We plan to establish a sustainable human presence on the Moon by the end of the decade.
All of this will happen under the Artemis Mission.
Water is a precious resource in deep space and a key ingredient of life as we know it.
Could Artemis astronauts use this water as an accessible resource? This has to be determined.
Also, since water molecules can be broken apart into their constituent hydrogen and oxygen atoms, we could use it in order to give the astronauts something to breathe.
Hydrogen and oxygen can also be used as rocket propellant for trips to Earth (or maybe to Mars and beyond!)
Most of all, the finding of water in the sunlit surface of the moon it's something that has a logistic relevance: it will be easier for astronauts to pull out water since we can find it in less deep places.
Also, if we planned to extract water from very deep craters, we would spend a lot of energy to keep the environment at an appropriate temperature (temperature in craters at lunar poles can reach -200°C).
3) This discovery reveals that water might be distributed across the lunar surface and not limited to some cold shadowed places such deep craters at the lunar poles.
But what is the SOFIA telescope? And how does it work?
On NASA website we can read:
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SOFIA, the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, is a Boeing 747SP aircraft modified to carry a 2.7-meter (106-inch) reflecting telescope (with an effective diameter of 2.5 meters or 100 inches).
Credits: Mark A. Garlick / markgarlick.com
Credits: Ron Miller
Credits: Nasa/Shutterstock/Storyblocks/Elon Musk/SpaceX/Esa
Credits: Flickr
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