What Are 6 Stages of Moral Development? Explained In Hindi
1Kohlberg s 6 Stages of Moral Development Explained In Hindi
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Lawrence Kohlberg was a psychologist who proposed a theory of moral development in humans, which suggests that people progress through six stages of moral reasoning. These stages are grouped into three levels, with two stages in each level.
The six stages of moral development are:
Level 1: Preconventional Morality
Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment Orientation – The focus of morality is avoiding punishment. The right behavior is whatever avoids punishment.
Stage 2: Individualism and Exchange – The focus of morality is satisfying one's own needs and occasionally the needs of others. The right behavior is whatever is in one's self-interest.
Level 2: Conventional Morality
Stage 3: Interpersonal Relationships – The focus of morality is on meeting social expectations and obeying rules to gain the approval of others. The right behavior is whatever is approved by one's peers.
Stage 4: Maintaining Social Order – The focus of morality is on obeying laws and authority figures, and maintaining the social order. The right behavior is following the law and fulfilling one's duty.
Level 3: Postconventional Morality
Stage 5: Social Contract and Individual Rights – The focus of morality is on understanding that laws are a social contract designed to protect individual rights, and can be changed if they no longer serve this purpose. The right behavior is upholding agreed-upon rights and values.
Stage 6: Universal Principles – The focus of morality is on upholding universal ethical principles and the rights of all individuals, regardless of whether they conflict with laws or social norms. The right behavior is based on an ethical code of conduct that transcends laws and social norms.
Kohlberg's theory of moral development suggests that individuals progress through these stages in a sequential order, with each stage building upon the previous one. However, not all individuals reach the highest stage of moral reasoning, and some individuals may remain at a lower stage of moral development throughout their lives.