What Mysteries Are in the Hidden Solar System's Oceans?
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Try to imagine a huge reservoir capable of holding more water than the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans combined. It sounds like science fiction, but this reservoir really exists and is located 800 million kilometers away from us, under the surface of Ganymede, the largest of Jupiter's moons.
It is an ocean of saltwater over 100 km deep, buried under a blanket of ice 150 km thick.
A discovery that dates back only a couple of decades ago, thanks to the unforgettable Galileo probe.
But continuing exploration has now revealed compelling evidence for large volume
watery oceans on at least five ice-covered moons of our outer solar system with perhaps as many as 10-20 when all candidate moons and dwarf planets are considered.
Amazing, isn't it?
Ceres: average distance from the Sun 414 million kilometers; diameter of 946 km
The largest asteroid and smallest dwarf planet in the solar system could be home to liquid water, sitting deep underground.
Europa: average distance 628 million kilometers; diameter of 3122 km
Europa is Jupiter's fourth-largest moon and the smoothest of all the celestial bodies. There are almost no craters, and despite a dense network of cracks and ridges covering this moon, none are higher or deeper than a few hundred meters.
Ganymede: average distance 628 million kilometers; diameter 5268 km
In the 1970s, NASA scientists first suspected that Ganymede - the largest moon to orbit Jupiter, and simply the largest moon in the solar system - has a thick ocean between two layers of ice, one on the surface and one beneath a liquid ocean and atop the rocky mantle.
Callisto: average distance 628 million kilometers; diameter of 4821 km
Callisto is Jupiter's second-largest moon, and was thought to be a "dea- world" by many; however, new data could suggest otherwise.
Enceladus: average distance 1272 million kilometers; diameter 505 km
Enceladus is the sixth-largest moon of Saturn. It is mostly covered by fresh, clean ice, making it one of the most reflective bodies of the Solar System.
Dione: average distance 1272 million kilometers; diameter 1122 km
Dione is the 15th largest moon in the Solar System. It is also Saturn's fourth-largest moon. Based on its density, Dione’s interior is likely a combination of silicate rock and water ice in nearly equal parts by mass.
Titan: average distance 1272 million kilometers; diameter 5150 km
Titan is unusual because it is the only body in the Solar System, besides Earth, that has a substantial atmosphere and bodies of surface liquids.
Triton: average distance 4338 million kilometers; diameter 2707 km
Triton is the largest moon of Neptune. It is slightly larger than Pluto and has almost the same composition.
Pluto: average distance 5900 million kilometers; diameter 2377 km
Last, but certainly not least, we're going to talk about everyone's favorite (dwarf) planet, Pluto. Based on data from the New Horizons mission in 2015, also Pluto may contain a subsurface ocean.
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Credits: Ron Miller, Mark A. Garlick / MarkGarlick.com
Credits: Nasa/Shutterstock/Storyblocks/Elon Musk/SpaceX/ESA/ESO/ Flickr
00:00 Intro
3:42 Ceres
4:43 Europa
6:32 Ganymede
7:51 Callisto
9:26 Enceladus
11:10 Dione
12:39 Titan
14:15 Triton
15:30 Pluto
#insanecuriosity #oceans #solarsystem