Classical element
0Classical element, by Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6313 / CC BY SA 3.0
#Classical_elements
#Natural_philosophy
#History_of_astrology
#Technical_factors_of_astrology
#Concepts_in_Chinese_philosophy
#Theories_in_ancient_Greek_philosophy
#Indian_philosophy
#Hindu_cosmology
#Buddhist_cosmology
#Taoist_cosmology
Rococo set of personification figurines of the Four Elements, 1760s, Chelsea porcelain Allegories of the Classical elements, by Giuseppe Arcimboldo.
From top-left, clockwise: air, fire, water, and earth.
Classical elements typically refer to water, earth, fire, air, and （later） aether, which were proposed to explain the nature and complexity of all matter in terms of simpler substances.
Ancient cultures in Greece, Tibet, and India had similar lists, sometimes referring in local languages to "air" as "wind" and the fifth element as "void".
These different cultures and even individual philosophers had widely varying explanations concerning their attributes and how they related to observable phenomena as well as cosmology.
Sometimes these theories overlapped with mythology and were personified in deities.
Some of these interpretations included atomism （the idea of very small, indivisible portions of matter）, but other interpretations considered the elements to be divisible into infinitely small pieces without changing their nature.
While the classification of the material world in ancient Indian, Hellenistic Egypt, and ancient Greece into Air, Earth, Fire and Water was more philosophical,
during the Islamic Golden Age medieval middle eastern scientists used practical, experimental observation to classify materials.
In Europe, the Ancient Greek concept, devised by Empedocles, evolved into the system of Aristotle, which evolved slightly into the medieval system,
which for the first time in Europe became subject to experimental verification in the 1600s, during the Scientific Revolution.
Modern science does not support the classical elements as the ma...
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