Create and Apply SSL Certificates for Portainer
14#Portainer #SSL #HTTPS
Full steps can be found at https://i12bretro.github.io/tutorials/0597.html
Prerequisites
- A XCA PKI database https://youtu.be/ezzj3x207lQ
Create Your SSL Certificate
01. Launch XCA
02. Open the PKI database if it is not already (File ≫ Open DataBase), enter password
03. Click on the Certificates tab, right click on your Intermediate CA certificate
04. Select New
05. On the Source tab, make sure Use this Certificate for signing is selected
06. Verify your Intermediate CA certificate is selected from the drop down
07. Click the Subject tab
08. Complete the Distinguished Name section
internalName: ctr.i12bretro.local
countryName: US
stateOrProvinceName: Virginia
localityName: Northern
organizationName: i12bretro
organizationUnitName: i12bretro Certificate Authority
commonName: ctr.i12bretro.local
09. Click the Generate a New Key button
10. Enter a name and set the key size to at least 2048
11. Click Create
12. Click on the Extensions tab
13. Select End Entity from the type list
14. Click Edit next to Subject Alternative Name
15. Add any DNS or IP addresses that the certificate will identify
16. Update the validity dates to fit your needs
17. Click the Key Usage tab
18. Under Key Usage select Digital Signature, Key Encipherment
19. Under Extended Key Usage select Web Server and Web Client Authentication
20. Click the Netscape tab
21. Select SSL Server
22. Click OK to create the certificate
Exporting Required Files
01. In XCA, click on the Certificates tab
02. Right click the SSL certificate ≫ Export ≫ File
03. Set the file name to ssl.crt verify the export format is PEM (*.crt)
04. Click OK
05. Click the Private Keys tab
06. Right click the private key generated for the SSL certificate ≫ Export ≫ File
07. Set the file name to ssl.key and verify the export format is PEM Private (*.pem)
08. Click OK
Method 1: Applying SSL Certificates to Portainer Web UI
01. If the Portainer container wasn't setup to listen on 9443, connect to the Docker host and run the following commands
# list running containers to find the name of the portainer container
docker ps
# stop the running portainer container
docker stop portainer
# remove the running portainer container
docker rm portainer --force
# recreate the portainer container with port 9443
# modify as needed
docker run -d -p 8000:8000 -p 9000:9000 -p 9443:9443 --name=portainer --restart=always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v ~/docker/portainer:/data portainer/portainer-ce
02. Open a web browser and navigate to http://DNSorIP:9000
03. Log into Portainer
04. Click Settings in the left navigation
05. Scroll to the SSL certificate section
06. Click Select file under Upload X.509 certificate ≫ Browse to and select the ssl.crt file created earlier
07. Click Select file under Upload a private key ≫ Browse to and select the ssl.key file created earlier
08. Click the Apply Changes button
09. Update the browser URL to https://DNSorIP:9443
10. Welcome to Portainer running via SSL
Method 2: Applying SSL Certificates to Portainer CLI
01. Download WinSCP https://winscp.net/eng/downloads.php
02. Extract WinSCP and run the executable
03. Connect to the Portainer host IP address via WinSCP
04. Copy the exported .pem files to the Portainer host
05. Connect to the Docker host and run the following commands
# list running containers to find the name of the portainer container
docker ps
# stop the running portainer container
docker stop portainer
# remove the running portainer container
docker rm portainer --force
# recreate the portainer container with ssl enabled
# modify as needed
docker run -d -p 8000:8000 -p 9000:9000 -p 9443:9443 --name=portainer --restart=always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v ~/docker/portainer:/data portainer/portainer-ce --ssl --sslcert /data/ssl.crt --sslkey /data/ssl.key
06. Open a web browser and navigate to https://DNSorIP:9443
07. Welcome to Portainer running via SSL
Further Reading: https://documentation.portainer.io/v2.0/deploy/ssl/
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