Electrolytic capacitor cbt
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An electrolytic capacitor is a type of capacitor that uses an electrolyte to achieve a larger capacitance than other capacitor types. An electrolyte is a liquid or gel containing a high concentration of ions. Almost all electrolytic capacitors are polarized, which means that the voltage on the positive terminal must always be greater than the voltage on the negative terminal. The benefit of large capacitance in electrolytic capacitors comes with several drawbacks as well. Among these drawbacks are large leakage currents, value tolerances, equivalent series resistance and a limited lifetime. Electrolytic capacitors can be either wet-electrolyte or solid polymer. They are commonly made of tantalum or aluminum, although other materials may be used. Supercapacitors are a special subtype of electrolytic capacitors, also called double-layer electrolytic capacitors, with capacitances of hundreds and thousands of farads. This article will be based on aluminum electrolytic capacitors. These have a typical capacitance between 1µF to 47mF and an operating voltage of up to a few hundred volts DC. Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are found in many applications such as power supplies, computer motherboards and many domestic appliances. Since they are polarized, they may be used only in DC circuits.
An electrolytic capacitor
solid polymer
capacitance value
rated voltage
printed on the enclosure
of SMD
surface mounted
marking “4.7 25V”.
47000000 pF = 47000 nF = 47
electrolyte heats
leaks or even vaporizes
causing the enclosure to burst
electrolytic capacitors for AC use
polarisation.
both pins
the cylinder.
typically 1µF to 47mF.
oxide layer deteriorates
50Hz or 60Hz electrical
mains supply
audible if amplified
Aluminum electrolytic
Read more http://www.capacitorguide.com/electrolytic-capacitor