#คนสวย #gyaru #ギャル #GALS slang word #gal
0Gyaru (Japanese: ギャル) pronounced [ɡʲa̠ꜜɾɯ̟ᵝ], is a Japanese fashion subculture. The term gyaru is a Japanese transliteration of the English slang word gal.
The term for gyaru was introduced in Japan by the American jeans company Lee, who introduced a new line of jeans to their brand Wrangler. When the women's jeans line 'GALS' was released in the 1970s; the term had been quickly used outside of its original branding and was adopted to describe the gyaru fashion by 1972.[5] Gyaru subculture was at its peak during the Heisei era. It had a large influence on Japanese fashion and its economy, its international economy, and its global soft power across the world through Cool Japan such as in Southeast Asia.[6][7][8] Multiple gyaru brands branched out before eventually declining due to financial instability and changes in its target demographic.[9][10][11] The term's usage peaked in the early 2000s and has since declined.[12][13][14]
This decline[15] has been attributed to shifts in the magazine industry,[16][17] the exaggeration of the style within its use and progression,[18] western media,[19][20] and government policies.[21] The meaning of the term gyaru was later applied to a slightly older demographic whose apparent lack of interest in work or marriage resulted in these women being regarded as childish or hussies.[22][23][24] Due to its past and its present connotation, it is now used almost interchangeably with kogyaru; as the name of kogyaru and its history are intertwined with the gyaru fashion subculture. Even though Japanese citizens have observed gyaru's birth, impact, and decline, citizens have stated to have never had the intention of imitating the American style of daily apparel or of wanting to resemble it.[25] But some Japanese disagree with this belief.[26]