Jupiter's Core Disrupted By A Planetoid Impact
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The giant planets of the Solar System (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune) differ from the so-called "terrestrial" ones (Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars), not so much for their larger size, as for their composition, which is largely dominated by light elements such as hydrogen and helium.
Many pieces of the mosaic are going to their place, while other mysteries are thickening even more, or old certainties are being questioned: such as the solid and rocky nature of Jupiter's nucleus.
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Astronomers thought so far that Jupiter was born as a rocky and icy planetary embryo, which later would form its huge gaseous envelope by attracting hydrogen and helium from the solar nebula by its enormous gravity. This would mean that there was a relatively clear delineation between the solid core and the gas surrounding it.
However, the visit of the Juno probe was enough to force astronomers to reconsider the whole issue, so that the real composition of the nucleus, as well as the properties of the materials that constitute it, and even its very existence, are all returned to be the subject of speculation.
But at this point it comes just to ask: what has discovered Juno so important on Jupiter?
To understand that, we must first do a brief review of the origins of gas giants!
Jupiter... eleven times larger than Earth in diameter, 318 times more massive, 1300 times more voluminous...
In our Solar System, it is the planet of excess in all its manifestations, the planet where everything is big, heavy, colorful and stormy.
All qualities that apparently contrast with its delicate constitution, very similar to the gaseous one of the Sun. Jupiter is in fact largely formed by the same elements that make up our star: hydrogen and helium. This makes it a planet that as a whole is just 1.3 times denser than water, and more than four times less dense than our Earth!
On an imaginary journey from the outside to the center, you would first encounter a layer of hydrogen and helium clouds, with traces of methane and ammonia. The density of the atmosphere in the uppermost layers is about ten times less than Earth's, but the gases become increasingly dense as you descend toward the center of the planet.
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