What Is Distant Retrograde Orbit, And Why Is Artemis 1 Using It?

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Artemis I flew beyond the Moon into a Distant Retrograde orbit, this is a special orbit which appears to orbit the moon backwards at a distance beyond the moon's lagrange points. The orbit requires low delta-V to reach and is stable over long periods, however, it regularly passes through regions where the Moon eclipses the Sun or the Earth, which is why NRHO is preferred for the Lunar Gateway.

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There's some great technical details in this paper
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20180001259/downloads/20180001259.pdf

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