Binary compounds of silicon with oxygen are called silicates but they contain other metals also ....

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Binary compounds of silicon with oxygen are called silicates but they contain other metals also in their structures.
Since the electronegativity difference between O \& Si is about 1.7 , so \( \mathrm{Si}-\mathrm{O} \) bond can be considered \( 50 \% \) ionic \& \( 50 \% \) covalent.

If we calculate the radius ratio then, \( \frac{\mathrm{r}_{\mathrm{Si}^{4+}}}{\mathrm{r}_{\mathrm{O}^{2-}}}=0.29 \) Which of the following anions is present in the simple single chain structure of silicate?
\( \mathrm{P} \)
W.
It suggests that the coordination number of silicon
(1) \( \mathrm{SiO}_{4}^{4-} \)
(2) \( \mathrm{Si}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}^{6-} \) must be 4 and from VBT point of view we can say that \( \mathrm{Si} \) is \( \mathrm{sp}^{3} \) hybridized. Therefore silicate structures must be based upon \( \mathrm{SiO}_{4}^{4-} \) tetrahedral units. \( \mathrm{SiO}_{4}^{4-} \) tetrahedral units may exist as discrete units or may polymerise into larger units by sharing corners.
(3) \( \left(\mathrm{Si}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5}^{2-}\right)_{\mathrm{n}} \)
(4) \( \left(\mathrm{SiO}_{3}^{2-}\right)_{\mathrm{n}} \)


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