Bone grafting

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Bone grafting
Bone grafting is a medical procedure used to repair or rebuild bones that are damaged or lost due to injury, disease, or congenital conditions. The procedure involves transplanting bone tissue from one part of the body to another, or using synthetic materials or donor bone tissue to help the bone regenerate.

There are several types of bone grafting:

1. **Autograft**: Bone is taken from the patient’s own body, often from areas like the hip, pelvis, or ribs. Since the bone is from the same individual, there’s less risk of rejection or disease transmission.

2. **Allograft**: Bone is taken from a donor (human cadaver) and sterilized. This type is commonly used when a large amount of bone is needed.

3. **Xenograft**: Bone is sourced from animals, usually cows or pigs. The bone is processed to make it compatible for human use.

4. **Synthetic Grafts**: Made from artificial materials such as ceramic or polymer-based products. These grafts stimulate bone growth while avoiding the risks associated with biological tissue.

Bone grafting is often performed in orthopedic surgery, dental procedures (such as for dental implants), and spinal surgeries. The bone graft stimulates new bone growth, helps fill gaps or defects, and provides a stable foundation for the healing process.

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