Did TESS Discover Planets Better Than Earth?
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Tess mission was launched: to persevere and discover other exoplanets. To pursue the noble aim of finding Earth's lost twin.
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As we can read on Tess official website:
āTESS is an MIT-led NASA mission, an all-sky survey for transiting exoplanets. Transiting planets are those that go in front of the star as seen from the telescope and, to date, is the most successful discovery technique for finding small exoplanets.
TESS tiles the sky with 26 segments, observing the southern hemisphere in the first year of mission operation and the northern hemisphere in the second year. TESS has a unique, highly elliptical cislunar orbit about Earth. With a 27.4 day observing period per segment, the satellite is most sensitive to exoplanets with periods of less than 13 days (so that at least two transits are used for discovery). ā
The circular regions where segment overlap at the ecliptic poles have observing a period of just over 100 days, enabling longer period planets to be discovered. These regions are known as continuous viewing zones (CVs).
TESS anticipates the discovery of thousands of exoplanets of all sizes around a variety of star types. It has committed to delivering 50 planets of size less than 4 Earth radii with measured masses to the community. An international effort under the TESS Follow-up Operations Program (TFOP) is committed to observations to distil the TESS planet candidates down to the list of 50 with measured masses, using the best ground-based telescopes in the world.
A little time ago, in 2020, TESS has discovered its first Earth-size planet in its starās habitable zone, the range of distances where conditions may be just right to allow the presence of liquid water on the surface. Scientists confirmed the find, called TOI 700 d, usingĀ NASAās Spitzer Space TelescopeĀ and have modelled the planetās potential environments to help inform future observations.
TOI 700 d is one of only a few Earth-size planets discovered in a star's habitable zone so far. Others include several planets in theĀ TRAPPIST-1 systemĀ and other worlds discovered byĀ NASAās Kepler Space Telescope.
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