How DeepMind Conquered Go With Deep Learning (AlphaGo) | Two Minute Papers #42

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This time around, Google DeepMind embarked on a journey to write an algorithm that plays Go. Go is an ancient chinese board game where the opposing players try to capture each other's stones on the board. Behind the veil of this deceptively simple ruleset, lies an enormous layer of depth and complexity. As scientists like to say, the search space of this problem is significantly larger than that of chess. So large, that one often has to rely on human intuition to find a suitable next move, therefore it is not surprising that playing Go on a high level is, or maybe was widely believed to be intractable for machines. The result is Google DeepMind's AlphaGo, the deep learning technique that defeated a professional player and European champion, Fan Hui.

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The paper "Mastering the Game of Go with Deep Neural Networks and Tree Search" is available here:
https://storage.googleapis.com/deepmind-data/assets/papers/deepmind-mastering-go.pdf
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v529/n7587/full/nature16961.html

Wired's coverage of AlphaGo:
http://www.wired.com/2016/01/in-a-huge-breakthrough-googles-ai-beats-a-top-player-at-the-game-of-go/

Video coverage from DeepMind and Nature:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g-dKXOlsf98
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUbqykXVx0A

Myungwan Kim analysis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NHRHUHW6HQE

Photo credits:
Watson - AP Photo/Jeopardy Productions, Inc.
Fan Hui match photo - Google DeepMind - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUbqykXVx0A

Go board image credits (all CC BY 2.0):
Renato Ganoza - https://flic.kr/p/7nX4kK
Jaro Larnos (changes were applied, mostly recoloring) - https://flic.kr/p/dDeQU9
Luis de Bethencourt - https://flic.kr/p/4c5RaR

Detailed analysis of the games against Fan Hui and some more speculation:
https://www.reddit.com/r/MachineLearning/comments/43fl90/synopsis_of_top_go_professionals_analysis_of/

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