How Racism Was Invented in The Middle Ages

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Our modern conception of race wasn't invented by one person, but came to be over the course of a historical process with many contributors that began in earnest in 11th century Europe, before it was spread throughout the world and adapted to meet criticism from scientists and theologians.
To talk about the history of race we need to have a common conception of what race actually is, so 1/3 of the video is dedicated to that before talking about specific examples of racializing that occurred over the course of the European Middle Ages.

-- Bibliography:
Theresa M. Duello et. al. "Race and genetics versus 'race' in genetics" in Evol Med Public Health 2021;9(1)
George M. Fredrickson "Racism: A Short History" (2015)
Joseph L. Graves & Alan H. Goodman, "Racism, Not Race: Frequently sked Questions" (2022)
Geraldine Heng "The Invention of Race in the European Middle Ages" (2018)

-- NAACP Resolution "Asbestos and Mold in Schools Pose Serious Health Hazards to Children of Color":
https://naacp.org/resources/asbestos-and-mold-schools-pose-serious-health-hazards-children-color (retrieved 09.06.2023)

- Music:
DIsco Elysium, Whirling in Rags Day & Night (2019)

#history #historyfacts
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