The modulated signal \( c_{m}(t) \) can be written as
\[
\begin{aligned}
c_{m}(t) & =\left(A_{c}+A_{m} \sin \omega_{m} t\right) \sin \omega_{c} t \\
& =A_{c}\left(1+\frac{A_{m}}{A_{c}} \sin \omega_{m} t\right) \sin \omega_{c} t
\end{aligned}
\]
Here, \( \mu=\frac{A_{m}}{A_{c}} \) is the modulation index; in practice \( \mu \) is
kept \( \leq 1 \) to avoid distortion.
\( \begin{aligned}- & \text { Now, } c_{m}(t)=A_{c} \sin \omega_{c} t+\frac{\mu A_{c}}{2} \cos \left(\omega_{c}-\omega_{m}\right) t \\ & -\frac{\mu A_{c}}{2} \cos \left(\omega_{c}+\omega_{m}\right) t\end{aligned} \)
Here, \( \omega_{c}-\omega_{m} \) and \( \omega_{c}+\omega_{m} \) are respectively called the
- lower side and upper side frequencies.
- An amplitude modulation wave is represented as
\( c_{m}(t)=10(1+0.4 \sin 3140 t) \sin \left(2.2 \times 10^{6} \mathrm{t}\right) \mathrm{V} \). The
- minimum and maximum voltage applied amplitude of the wave are
(a) \( 10 \mathrm{~V}, 2 \mathrm{~V} \)
(b) \( 8 \mathrm{~V}, 10 \mathrm{~V} \)
(c) \( 14 \mathrm{~V}, 6 \mathrm{~V} \)
(d) \( 8 \mathrm{~V}, 14 \mathrm{~V} \)
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