8 Creatures That Can Survive the Most Extreme Conditions
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Creatures that can survive the most extreme conditions. These small animals survive very high & low temperatures, years without food, water & even oxygen. Here are the most resilient creatures on earth.
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Number 8 Ruppell’s Vulture
This vulture is native to central Africa and holds the distinction of being the world’s highest flying, bird. Ruppell’s Vulture can cruise at heights of up to 37,000 feet, which is just short of the cruising altitude for commercial airliners. They aren’t very fast, with an average speed of 22 miles per hour. However, they are known to fly up to 7 hours every day and travel as far as 100 miles from their nest to search for food.
Number 7 Wood Frogs
Wood frogs are abundant in the forests of Canada and north-eastern USA. While this adaptation alone doesn’t make them particularly outstanding, it’s worth mentioning that wood frogs are among the few creatures that can be frozen alive, only to re-emerge and resume their life cycle. This is because the circulatory systems of wood frogs are kept functioning by antifreeze. In fact, during the colder months, it’s not uncommon for wood frogs to become frozen and then thaw out several times over.
Number 6 Snailfish
The snailfish family is widely distributed in the planet’s oceans with more than 30 genera and around 410 described species. Snailfish typically have large heads, small eyes and scale-less skin that’s loose and gelatinous. At first glance the snailfish isn’t the most impressive creature in the ocean but it does boast an incredible record. In May 2017, a snailfish was filmed in the Mariana Trench at a depth of 26,831ft. Its habitat is shrouded in perpetual darkness and is characterized by a pressure that’s over 1,000 times greater than that at sea level.
Number 5 Pacific Parakeet
This parakeet, native to a small area in western Nicaragua, has chosen to colonize one of the most inhospitable habitats on Earth. For reasons that scientists have yet to understand, this bird nests in the craters of the Masaya volcano, in Nicaragua’s largest national park. Creatures that live in the deep sea have had millions of years to develop their adaptions but this behavior in Pacific parakeets has been observed quite recently, from an evolutionary standpoint.
Number 4 Spinoloricus Cinziae
This creature, which looks like something out of a Dr. Seuss book, has a unique and rather remarkable adaptation. Spinoloricus cinziae is the first known animal species that doesn’t require oxygen. It was discovered in the hypersaline, oxygen-depleted L’Atalante basin of the Mediterranean Sea. Visually it looks like a tiny cup with tentacles sticking out. According to images taken with an electron microscope, Spinoloricus cinziae has certain cellular adaptations that enable it to live with zero oxygen. However, since Spinoloricus cinziae was discovered rather recently, scientists are still trying to figure out its adaptations.
Number 3 Extremophiles
Extremophiles are typically different species of bacteria or archaea that have become very well adjusted to living at extremely high or low temperatures. Pyrococcus furiosus, for example, is known as a hyperthermophile and has an optimum growth temperature of 212 Fahrenheit.
Number 2 Tardigrade
No list of animals living in extreme environments would be complete without the tardigrade, also known as the water bear or moss piglet. It’s arguably one of the most resilient creatures on Earth and may be found anywhere from the top of the Himalayas to the deep sea, tropical rainforests and the Antarctic. The tardigrade has a barrel-shaped body with four pairs of clawed stubby legs and a tubular mouth with stylets, anatomical components used to pierce its food. Even though it rarely grows to be over a millimeter in length, the tardigrade can withstand some mind blowing conditions. It can live without food or water for more than 30 years. When taken out of water and dried out, tardigrades tuck in their legs and head to revert to a cellular fortress called a ‘tun’.
Number 1 Chemosynthetic Organisms
Chemosynthesis is the process of turning carbon compounds and other molecules into organic compounds, without the presence of sunlight. As a hypothesis, this type of life process was first proposed under the name ‘anorgoxydant’ in the 19th century after a scientist observed bacteria living off inorganic compounds. ‘Chemosynthesis’, as the process would later be called, was confirmed in 1977. That’s when a deep sea submersible dove into the Galapagos Rift where it observed tube worms and other lifeforms surrounding hydrothermal vents. Chemosynthetic organisms are usually microscopic and include various types of bacteria or archaea.
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