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When you try to play MP3, AAC, MP4, AVI, FLV files, you may end up with unable to play the file, H.264/MPEG-4 AAC decoder is required to play the file, but is not installed message, or just a black screen. You can use this guide on any Ubuntu, including 14.04 LTS, 16.04 LTS, 18.04 LTS, 20.04 LTS, 20.10, 22.04 LTS, 22.10, or higher.

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Ubuntu doesn't play videos and some audio media formats is a common issue. The lack of this support is due the codecs. Ubuntu excluded it out of the box because these video files and other media formats are restricted by patent, copyright, or legal issues.

The good thing is, Ubuntu provides a single package to install all the essential media codecs from their repository to provide non-open source software to its users.

WHAT IS UBUNTU RESTRICTED EXTRAS?
Ubuntu-restricted-extras is a software package that consists various essential software like MP3 and other audio codec software to play various audio formats, Microsoft web fonts, unrar, mp4, and codecs for Chromium browser, etc.

Since the package is available in the multiverse repository, you have to make sure that multiverse repository is enabled on your system.

To do that, open the "Software & Updates" from the application menu, give a check mark to "Software restricted by copyright or legal issue", and "Community maintained free and open source software" to access more packages.

To accept the End User License Agreement (EULA), hit the tab key to select OK, hit Enter, and choose Yes. After all required packages are installed, Ubuntu should play .MKV, .MP4, or any audio / video formats that failed to play previously.

UBUNTU WON'T PLAY DVD MOVIES
The same problem occurs when you want to play a DVD even after you installed all the codecs. Here are all you have to do to get DVD Playback on Ubuntu :

sudo apt install libdvd-pkg
sudo dpkg-reconfigure libdvd-pkg

Follow on-screen instructions to install libdvdcss2 and reboot your computer to apply the changes.

FIX LIBDVDREAD4 NOT AVAILABLE
If you're facing "libdvdread4 not available" error (I think this only happened on Ubuntu 20.04 or maybe higher), libdvdread package available as libdvdread7. So run this command to install it:

sudo apt install libdvdread7

Say good bye to video not playing on Ubuntu desktop issue!.

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