Notes auto read on William the Confessor

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Published on January 1, 2020 5:07:08 AM ● Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ehZsSJBax4

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last king of the House of Wessex, he ruled from 1042 to 1066 Cnut conquered England in 1016 Edward died in 1066, he was succeeded by Harold Godwinson, who was defeated and killed in the same year by the Normans under William the Conqueror at the Battle of Hastings. Edward was the seventh son of Æthelred the Unready During his childhood, England was the target of Viking raids and invasions under Sweyn Forkbeard and his son, Cnut Edward's older half-brother Edmund Ironside, who carried on the fight against Sweyn's son, Cnut. Edward fought alongside Edmund; as Edward was at most thirteen years old at the time Edmund died in November 1016, and Cnut became undisputed king. Edward then again went into exile with his brother and sister; in 1017 his mother married Cnut Cnut had Edward's last surviving elder half-brother, Eadwig, executed Edward spent a quarter of a century in exile received support from his sister Godgifu, who married Drogo of Mantes, count of Vexin in about 1024 Robert I, Duke of Normandy attempted an invasion of England to place Edward on the throne in about 1034, but it was blown off course to Jersey. He also received support for his claim to the throne from a number of continental abbots, particularly Robert, abbot of the Norman abbey of Jumièges, who was later to become Edward's Archbishop of Canterbury. Cnut died in 1035, and Harthacnut succeeded him as king of Denmark. decided that his elder half-brother Harold Harefoot should act as regent, while Emma held Wessex on Harthacnut's behalf. Edward and his brother Alfred separately came to England Alfred was captured by Godwin, Earl of Wessex who turned him over to Harold Harefoot. He had Alfred blinded by forcing red-hot pokers into his eyes to make him unsuitable for kingship, and Alfred died soon after as a result of his wounds. In 1041, Harthacnut invited Edward back to England, probably as heir because he knew he had not long to live. Edward met "the thegns of all England" at Hursteshever opposite the Isle of Wight. There he was received as king in return for his oath that he would continue the laws of Cnut Edward was sworn in as king alongside Harthacnut, Edward was crowned at the cathedral of Winchester, the royal seat of the West Saxons, on 3 April 1043 Edward complained that his mother had "done less for him than he wanted before he became king, and also afterwards". In November 1043 he rode to Winchester with his three leading earls, Leofric of Mercia, Godwin and Siward of Northumbria, to deprive her of her property, possibly because she was holding on to treasure which belonged to the king. Edward's position when he came to the throne was weak. Effective rule required keeping on terms with the three leading earls, but loyalty to the ancient house of Wessex had been eroded by the period of Danish rule, and only Leofric was descended from a family which had served Æthelred. Godwin's eldest son Sweyn was appointed to an earldom in the south-west midlands in 1047 Sweyn was banished for abducting the Abbess of Leominster Sweyn murdered his cousin Beorn and went again into exile, and Edward's nephew, Ralph was given Beorn's earldom, but the following year Sweyn's father was able to secure his reinstatement King Magnus I of Norway aspired to the English throne, and in 1045 and 1046, fearing an invasion, Edward took command of the fleet at Sandwich. Beorn's elder brother, Sweyn II of Denmark "submitted himself to Edward as a son", hoping for his help in his battle with Magnus for control of Denmark, but in 1047 Edward rejected Godwin's demand that he send aid to Sweyn, and it was only Magnus's death in October that saved England from attack and allowed Sweyn to take the Danish throne but he did have foreigners in his household, including a few Normans, who became unpopular. Chief among them was Robert, abbot of the Norman abbey of Jumièges, who had known Edward from the 1030s and came to England with him in 1041, becoming bishop of London in 1043 "always the most powerful confidential adviser to the king"