Total Characters in String After Transformations II | Binary Exponentiation | Leetcode 3337 | MIK

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Published on May 14, 2025 5:34:27 PM ● Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MGu9Zr5RFtg

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Matrix Exponentiation | n Degree Linear Recurrence -    • Matrix Exponentiation | n Degree Line...  

Hi Everyone, this is the 30th video of our Playlist "Maths Playlist : Popular Interview Problems".
Now we will be solving an expert level Maths problem - Total Characters in String After Transformations II | Detailed Explanation | Using Binary Exponentiation | Leetcode 3337 | codestorywithMIK

We will break it down into simple steps to make it easier to understand. We will deep dive into the Maths behind it.

Problem Name : Total Characters in String After Transformations II | Detailed Explanation | Using Binary Exponentiation | Leetcode 3337 | codestorywithMIK
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My solutions on Github(C++ & JAVA) - https://github.com/MAZHARMIK/Interview_DS_Algo/blob/master/Mathematical/Total Characters in String After Transformations II.cpp
Leetcode Link : https://leetcode.com/problems/total-characters-in-string-after-transformations-ii


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Video Summary :
The approach models character transformations as a matrix where each element tracks transitions between letters. Repeated transformations are handled efficiently using matrix exponentiation, similar to fast exponentiation. The character frequency of the initial string is treated as a vector, which is transformed using the powered matrix. This avoids simulating each step, achieving logarithmic time complexity with respect to the number of transformations.

✨ Timelines✨
00:00 - Introduction
0:42 - Motivation
0:55 - Problem Explanation
6:00 - Thought Process
7:30 - Finding Relation with Matrix Exponentiation
12:26 - How to find T Matrix ?
23:12 - Code for filling T Matrix
27:58 - Why power is t ?
30:40 - Finding T * initial_freqency vector
35:47 - Coding it up

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