Boosting Sesame Yield Exploring Transgressive Segregation in F2 Segregants | Sesame crop improvement
1Investigating Transgressive Segregation to Improve Yield in F2 Segregants of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.): A Comprehensive Study
Layman Abstract : Sesame, often called the "queen of oilseeds", is one of the oldest crops grown for its high-quality oil. This study focused on improving sesame yield by analyzing the second-generation (F2) plants from three different sesame crosses: Thilak X Ayali 1, Thilathara X Ayali 2, and Thilak X Ayali 5. A total of 200 plants were grown in a structured layout, and researchers measured important growth and yield traits like flowering time, plant height, number of branches, seed count, and overall seed yield.
The results showed significant differences in most traits among the plants. Some traits, like the number of seed capsules per plant and total seed yield, had high variation, meaning there is good potential for selecting high-yielding plants. In contrast, other traits, like capsule length and the number of seeds per capsule, showed less variation, meaning they are more stable but harder to improve through breeding.
One sesame cross, Thilathara X Ayali 2, stood out as the most promising because it produced plants with higher seed yield and better overall performance. Certain traits, like early flowering and days to maturity, were found to be largely controlled by genetics, making them ideal for selection in future breeding programs. Other traits, like capsule size and seed count, were more affected by the environment, meaning they may not respond as well to selective breeding.
Overall, this study identified Thilathara X Ayali 2 as the best candidate for developing high-yield sesame varieties, and it highlighted which plant traits are the most reliable for breeding efforts.
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