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Here is how to quickly check which version of Java you are running by using the command line in Mac OS X.

Basically, just type java -version and see what it reports back. If you get nothing and an installer window pops up, you don't have Java installed.

Why does this matter? In short, because certain versions of Java have security vulnerabilities and keeping up to date or disabling Java can be the best way to protect your Mac from trojans and viruses. You can read more about this here:

http://osxdaily.com/2012/04/07/tips-secure-mac-from-virus-trojan/

Case in point, a recent vulnerability was discovered in Java SE 7, here's how to protect yourself:

http://osxdaily.com/2012/08/29/java-7-security-issue-how-to-protect/