The TRUTH About "Evolutionary" Change & Adaptation - Created Heterozygosity!
46#creation #evolution #biodiversity #christianity #debate #origins #apologetics #science
The creation and evolution models have very different explanations for the origin of genetic diversity. Since these models have separate descriptions for the emergence of genetic variation, they also have dissimilar accounts for the origin of species.
Most Biblical creationists explain the origin of most autosomal nuclear DNA diversity as being the result of created heterozygosity. This essentially means that God created the original kinds (created archetypes) in a state of DNA diversity.
Understanding created heterozygosity brings us back to basic genetics. Alleles are gene variants (one of two or more versions) at specific genomic locations (loci). If an organism has two different alleles at a specific genomic location, the organism is heterozygous at that locus (capital A, lowercase a, capital B, lowercase b). If an organism happens to have the same two alleles at a specific genomic location, they would be homozygous (capital A, capital A, capital B, capital B). According to the Biblical model of ancestry (separate ancestry), God would have created organisms with millions of positions within their DNA that are genetically heterozygous (capital A, lowercase a, capital B, lowercase B).
This makes the most sense of God's command to "be fruitful and multiply". If God did not front-load the created archetypes with genetic diversity or DNA differences, animals would have reproduced clones. Created heterozygosity ensures animals will vary as they reproduce generation after generation. This model makes sense both theologically and scientifically.
The evolutionary model explains the vast majority of DNA differences as being the result of mutations over time. Biblical creationists do look to mutations as a source of some genetic diversity. But the majority of pre-existing genetic variation is due to initial creation. Mutations mostly fail to create useful or beneficial diversity. Variation due to mutations is akin to the dents, dings, and rust marks you get on your vehicle over time. This is because the majority of mutations are deleterious.
The introduction of new species or varieties is fairly easy to explain when you start from the Biblical creation position. If the designed diversity starting point is true, you don't require millions of years for mutations to accumulate and therefore add the necessary genetic variation for selection (including other genetic and nongenetic processes) to act upon. If DNA diversity is front-loaded at creation, new variations of organisms are guaranteed to be generated. There is a significant amount of morphological adaptability built into each created kind. Simply through processes such as recombination (shuffles genetic variants) and gene conversion, novel chromosomal combinations can come about quickly. This is because the genetic variants are pre-existing. There is no problem in explaining the origin of millions of species in just thousands of years for the Young Earth Creationist. It is a natural and expected result from the created heterozygosity starting point.
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