Week 4 Day 2 - Fallacies Part 1
0Today we began our discussion of fallacies, which is a really fun topic. There's lots of fallacies, so I picked out the most important to know. It'll make listening to the media and politicians a different experience!
The fallacies are:
1) Appeal to Popularity - something is true because lots of people believe it. (Except they could be wrong.)
2) Appeal to Authority - something is true because an expert says it. (Except they could be wrong. This is especially the case when an expert is talking out of their area of expertise, like Dawkins on religion or the Pope on Covid-19.)
3) Fallacy of Composition - something is true of the group because it is true of the individuals.
4) Fallacy of Division - something is true of an individual because it is true of the group
5) Circular Logic - I assume something is true and use this to conclude it is true
6) Appeal to Consequences - I don't want something to be true, so it is not true
7) False Generalization - Making a generalization without having data to support it (or not qualifying it properly, like restricting the finding to just college freshmen).
8) Cherrypicking - Taking the exception for the rule, or ignoring evidence contrary to what you want to believe.
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